Abdou, C. M. and A. W. Fingerhut (2014). “Stereotype threat among black and white women in health care settings.” Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology 20(3): 316-323.

Abdou, C. M., A. W. Fingerhut, et al. (2016). “Healthcare Stereotype Threat in Older Adults in the Health and Retirement Study.” American journal of preventive medicine 50(2): 191-198.

Abelson, R. P., N. Dasgupta, et al. (1998). “Perceptions of the collective other.” Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc 2(4): 243-250.

Abrams, D., R. J. Crisp, et al. (2008). “Threat inoculation: experienced and imagined intergenerational contact prevents stereotype threat effects on older people’s math performance.” Psychology and aging 23(4): 934-939.

Abrams, D., A. Eller, et al. (2006). “An age apart: the effects of intergenerational contact and stereotype threat on performance and intergroup bias.” Psychology and aging 21(4): 691-702.

Allen, B. and B. H. Friedman (2016). “Threatening the heart and mind of gender stereotypes: Can imagined contact influence the physiology of stereotype threat?” Psychophysiology 53(1): 105-112.

Appel, M., S. Weber, et al. (2015). “The influence of stereotype threat on immigrants: review and meta-analysis.” Frontiers in psychology 6: 900.

Armenta, B. E. (2010). “Stereotype boost and stereotype threat effects: the moderating role of ethnic identification.” Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology 16(1): 94-98.

Arndt, J., J. Greenberg, et al. (2002). “To belong or not to belong, that is the question: terror management and identification with gender and ethnicity.” Journal of personality and social psychology 83(1): 26-43.

Aronson, J., D. Burgess, et al. (2013). “Unhealthy interactions: the role of stereotype threat in health disparities.” American journal of public health 103(1): 50-56.

Arruda, C. N., A. S. Braide, et al. (2014). “[“Raw and charred flesh”: the experience of burned women in Northeast Brazil].” Cadernos de saude publica 30(10): 2057-2067.

Baer, B. J. (2011). “Body or soul: representing lesbians in post-soviet Russian culture.” Journal of lesbian studies 15(3): 284-298.

Bages, C. and D. Martinot (2011). “What is the best model for girls and boys faced with a standardized mathematics evaluation situation: a hardworking role model or a gifted role model?” The British journal of social psychology / the British Psychological Society 50(3): 536-543.

Baker, J. and S. Horton (2003). “East African running dominance revisited: a role for stereotype threat?” British journal of sports medicine 37(6): 553-555.

Barber, S. J. and S. R. Lee (2015). “Stereotype Threat Lowers Older Adults’ Self-Reported Hearing Abilities.” Gerontology 62(1): 81-85.

Barber, S. J. and M. Mather (2013). “Stereotype threat can both enhance and impair older adults’ memory.” Psychological science 24(12): 2522-2529.

Barber, S. J. and M. Mather (2013). “Stereotype threat can reduce older adults’ memory errors.” Quarterly journal of experimental psychology 66(10): 1888-1895.

Barber, S. J., M. Mather, et al. (2015). “How Stereotype Threat Affects Healthy Older Adults’ Performance on Clinical Assessments of Cognitive Decline: The Key Role of Regulatory Fit.” The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 70(6): 891-900.

Barney, L. J., K. M. Griffiths, et al. (2009). “Exploring the nature of stigmatising beliefs about depression and help-seeking: implications for reducing stigma.” BMC public health 9: 61.

Barreto, M., N. Ellemers, et al. (2004). “The backlash of token mobility: the impact of past group experiences on individual ambition and effort.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 30(11): 1433-1445.

Bean, G. and K. M. Baber (2011). “Connect: an effective community-based youth suicide prevention program.” Suicide & life-threatening behavior 41(1): 87-97.

Bedynska, S. and D. Zolnierczyk-Zreda (2015). “Stereotype threat as a determinant of burnout or work engagement. Mediating role of positive and negative emotions.” International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE 21(1): 1-8.

Beilock, S. L., W. A. Jellison, et al. (2006). “On the causal mechanisms of stereotype threat: can skills that don’t rely heavily on working memory still be threatened?” Personality & social psychology bulletin 32(8): 1059-1071.

Beilock, S. L., R. J. Rydell, et al. (2007). “Stereotype threat and working memory: mechanisms, alleviation, and spillover.” Journal of experimental psychology. General 136(2): 256-276.

Belmi, P., R. C. Barragan, et al. (2015). “Threats to social identity can trigger social deviance.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 41(4): 467-484.

Benshoof, J. (1998). “Sex, lies, and stereotypes.” Reproductive freedom news / from the Center for Reproductive Law & Policy 7(1): 2-3.

Berjot, S., C. Roland-Levy, et al. (2011). “Cognitive appraisals of stereotype threat.” Psychological reports 108(2): 585-598.

Biernat, M., T. K. Vescio, et al. (1996). “Selective self-stereotyping.” Journal of personality and social psychology 71(6): 1194-1209.

Blaine, H., K. A. Sullivan, et al. (2013). “The effect of varied test instructions on neuropsychological performance following mild traumatic brain injury: an investigation of “diagnosis threat”.” Journal of neurotrauma 30(16): 1405-1414.

Blascovich, J., W. B. Mendes, et al. (2001). “Perceiver threat in social interactions with stigmatized others.” Journal of personality and social psychology 80(2): 253-267.

Blascovich, J., S. J. Spencer, et al. (2001). “African Americans and high blood pressure: the role of stereotype threat.” Psychological science 12(3): 225-229.

Bosson, J. K., J. L. Prewitt-Freilino, et al. (2005). “Role rigidity: a problem of identity misclassification?” Journal of personality and social psychology 89(4): 552-565.

Bosson, J. K., J. A. Vandello, et al. (2009). “Precarious manhood and displays of physical aggression.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 35(5): 623-634.

Bouazzaoui, B., A. Follenfant, et al. (2015). “Ageing-related stereotypes in memory: When the beliefs come true.” Memory: 1-10.

Brandon, D., R. Khoo, et al. (2000). “European snapshot homeless survey: results of questions asked of passers-by in 11 European cities.” International journal of nursing practice 6(1): 39-45.

Brems, C., K. L. Carssow, et al. (1995). “Assessment of fairness in child custody decisions.” Child abuse & neglect 19(3): 345-353.

Brondolo, E., L. R. Hausmann, et al. (2011). “Dimensions of perceived racism and self-reported health: examination of racial/ethnic differences and potential mediators.” Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine 42(1): 14-28.

Brown, E. R., A. B. Diekman, et al. (2011). “A change will do us good: threats diminish typical preferences for male leaders.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 37(7): 930-941.

Brown, R. P. and E. A. Day (2006). “The difference isn’t black and white: stereotype threat and the race gap on Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices.” The Journal of applied psychology 91(4): 979-985.

Brownlow, S., S. E. Valentine, et al. (2008). “Women athletes’ mental rotation under stereotypic threat.” Perceptual and motor skills 107(1): 307-316.

Buchmann, K. (2014). “‘You sit in fear’: understanding perceptions of nodding syndrome in post-conflict northern Uganda.” Global health action 7: 25069.

Burgess, D. J., A. Joseph, et al. (2012). “Does stereotype threat affect women in academic medicine?” Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 87(4): 506-512.

Burgess, D. J., B. C. Taylor, et al. (2014). “A brief self-affirmation study to improve the experience of minority patients.” Applied psychology. Health and well-being 6(2): 135-150.

Burgess, D. J., J. Warren, et al. (2010). “Stereotype threat and health disparities: what medical educators and future physicians need to know.” Journal of general internal medicine 25 Suppl 2: S169-177.

Burmeister, J. M., A. E. Kiefner, et al. (2013). “Weight bias in graduate school admissions.” Obesity 21(5): 918-920.

Burns, K. C. and S. L. Friedman (2012). “The benefits of emotional expression for math performance.” Cognition & emotion 26(2): 245-251.

Cadinu, M., A. Maass, et al. (2005). “Why do women underperform under stereotype threat? Evidence for the role of negative thinking.” Psychological science 16(7): 572-578.

Carels, R. A., S. E. Domoff, et al. (2013). “Examining perceived stereotype threat among overweight/obese adults using a multi-threat framework.” Obesity facts 6(3): 258-268.

Carr, P. B. and C. M. Steele (2010). “Stereotype threat affects financial decision making.” Psychological science 21(10): 1411-1416.

Casad, B. J. and W. J. Bryant (2016). “Addressing Stereotype Threat is Critical to Diversity and Inclusion in Organizational Psychology.” Frontiers in psychology 7: 8.

Cato, J. E. and S. S. Canetto (2003). “Young adults’ reactions to gay and lesbian peers who became suicidal following “coming out” to their parents.” Suicide & life-threatening behavior 33(2): 201-210.

Cazers, G. and M. Curtner-Smith (2013). “Legacy of a pioneer African American educator.” Research quarterly for exercise and sport 84(1): 39-51.

Chalabaev, A., J. Brisswalter, et al. (2013). “Can stereotype threat affect motor performance in the absence of explicit monitoring processes? Evidence using a strength task.” Journal of sport & exercise psychology 35(2): 211-215.

Chalabaev, A., P. Sarrazinr, et al. (2008). “Do achievement goals mediate stereotype threat?: an investigation on females’ soccer performance.” Journal of sport & exercise psychology 30(2): 143-158.

Chapman, L., K. Sargent-Cox, et al. (2014). “The Impact of Age Stereotypes on Older Adults’ Hazard Perception Performance and Driving Confidence.” Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society.

Chasteen, A. L., S. Bhattacharyya, et al. (2005). “How feelings of stereotype threat influence older adults’ memory performance.” Experimental aging research 31(3): 235-260.

Cohen, G. L. and J. Garcia (2005). “”I am us”: negative stereotypes as collective threats.” Journal of personality and social psychology 89(4): 566-582.

Cohen, G. L., J. Garcia, et al. (2006). “Reducing the racial achievement gap: a social-psychological intervention.” Science 313(5791): 1307-1310.

Cohen, G. L., J. Garcia, et al. (2009). “Recursive processes in self-affirmation: intervening to close the minority achievement gap.” Science 324(5925): 400-403.

Cohen, G. L. and D. K. Sherman (2005). “Stereotype threat and the social and scientific contexts of the race achievement gap.” The American psychologist 60(3): 270-271; discussion 271-272.

Cohen, G. L., D. K. Sherman, et al. (2007). “Bridging the partisan divide: Self-affirmation reduces ideological closed-mindedness and inflexibility in negotiation.” Journal of personality and social psychology 93(3): 415-430.

Cole, J. C., K. Michailidou, et al. (2006). “The effects of stereotype threat on cognitive function in ecstasy users.” Journal of psychopharmacology 20(4): 518-525.

Collange, J., S. T. Fiske, et al. (2009). “Maintaining a Positive Self-Image by Stereotyping Others: Self-Threat and the Stereotype Content Model.” Social cognition 27(1).

Colton, G., E. D. Leshikar, et al. (2013). “Age differences in neural response to stereotype threat and resiliency for self-referenced information.” Frontiers in human neuroscience 7: 537.

Cooper, S. and D. Foster (2008). “Psychosocial analysis of HIV/AIDS-related stigma in South Africa.” International quarterly of community health education 29(1): 23-44.

Corrigan, P. W., A. B. Bink, et al. (2015). “The public stigma of mental illness means a difference between you and me.” Psychiatry research 226(1): 186-191.

Costarelli, S. (2009). “Intergroup threat and experienced affect: the distinct roles of causal attributions and in-group identification.” The Journal of social psychology 149(3): 393-401.

Craig, M. A., T. Dehart, et al. (2012). “Do unto others as others have done unto you?: Perceiving sexism influences women’s evaluations of stigmatized racial groups.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 38(9): 1107-1119.

Crisp, R. J. and R. N. Turner (2011). “Cognitive adaptation to the experience of social and cultural diversity.” Psychological bulletin 137(2): 242-266.

Criswell, K. R., J. E. Owen, et al. (2015). “Personal responsibility, regret, and medical stigma among individuals living with lung cancer.” Journal of behavioral medicine.

Croizet, J. C., G. Despres, et al. (2004). “Stereotype threat undermines intellectual performance by triggering a disruptive mental load.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 30(6): 721-731.

Cullen, M. J., C. M. Hardison, et al. (2004). “Using SAT-grade and ability-job performance relationships to test predictions derived from stereotype threat theory.” The Journal of applied psychology 89(2): 220-230.

Dar-Nimrod, I. and S. J. Heine (2006). “Exposure to scientific theories affects women’s math performance.” Science 314(5798): 435.

Dasgupta, N., D. Desteno, et al. (2009). “Fanning the flames of prejudice: the influence of specific incidental emotions on implicit prejudice.” Emotion 9(4): 585-591.

Davies, P. G., S. J. Spencer, et al. (2005). “Clearing the air: identity safety moderates the effects of stereotype threat on women’s leadership aspirations.” Journal of personality and social psychology 88(2): 276-287.

De Cremer, D. (2001). “Relations of self-esteem concerns, group identification, and self-stereotyping to in-group favoritism.” The Journal of social psychology 141(3): 389-400.

Dennehy, T. C., A. Ben-Zeev, et al. (2014). “‘Be prepared’: an implemental mindset for alleviating social-identity threat.” The British journal of social psychology / the British Psychological Society 53(3): 585-594.

Derks, B., C. van Laar, et al. (2009). “Working for the self or working for the group: how self- versus group affirmation affects collective behavior in low-status groups.” Journal of personality and social psychology 96(1): 183-202.

Des Jarlais, D. C., S. Galea, et al. (2006). “Stigmatization of newly emerging infectious diseases: AIDS and SARS.” American journal of public health 96(3): 561-567.

Dickins, K., D. Levinson, et al. (2013). “The minority student voice at one medical school: lessons for all?” Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges 88(1): 73-79.

Drazkowski, D., J. Szwedo, et al. (2015). “Women are not less field independent than men-the role of stereotype threat.” International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie.

Dunst, B., M. Benedek, et al. (2013). “Sex differences in neural efficiency: Are they due to the stereotype threat effect?” Personality and individual differences 55(7): 744-749.

Edens, J. F., K. M. Davis, et al. (2013). “No sympathy for the devil: attributing psychopathic traits to capital murderers also predicts support for executing them.” Personality disorders 4(2): 175-181.

Elkins, T. J., J. S. Phillips, et al. (2002). “Gender-related biases in evaluations of sex discrimination allegations: is perceived threat the key?” The Journal of applied psychology 87(2): 280-292.

Emerson, K. T. and M. C. Murphy (2014). “Identity threat at work: how social identity threat and situational cues contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in the workplace.” Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology 20(4): 508-520.

Emerson, K. T. and M. C. Murphy (2015). “A company I can trust? Organizational lay theories moderate stereotype threat for women.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 41(2): 295-307.

Eriksson, B. G. and J. K. Hummelvoll (2008). “People with mental disabilities negotiating life in the risk society: a theoretical approach.” Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing 15(8): 615-621.

Fassiotto, M., E. O. Hamel, et al. (2016). “Women in Academic Medicine: Measuring Stereotype Threat Among Junior Faculty.” Journal of women’s health 25(3): 292-298.

Felder, C. and J. Tucker (1988). “Understanding men and programming sexuality education to meet their needs.” Men’s reproductive health 2(1): 4-7.

Fernandez-Ballesteros, R., A. Bustillos, et al. (2015). “Positive Perception of Aging and Performance in a Memory Task: Compensating for Stereotype Threat?” Experimental aging research 41(4): 410-425.

Fleming, K. K., C. L. Bandy, et al. (2010). “Decisions to shoot in a weapon identification task: The influence of cultural stereotypes and perceived threat on false positive errors.” Social neuroscience 5(2): 201-220.

Flore, P. C. and J. M. Wicherts (2015). “Does stereotype threat influence performance of girls in stereotyped domains? A meta-analysis.” Journal of school psychology 53(1): 25-44.

Forbes, C. E. and J. B. Leitner (2014). “Stereotype threat engenders neural attentional bias toward negative feedback to undermine performance.” Biological psychology 102: 98-107.

Forbes, C. E., J. B. Leitner, et al. (2015). “Spontaneous default mode network phase-locking moderates performance perceptions under stereotype threat.” Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 10(7): 994-1002.

Forbes, C. E. and T. Schmader (2010). “Retraining attitudes and stereotypes to affect motivation and cognitive capacity under stereotype threat.” Journal of personality and social psychology 99(5): 740-754.

Forbes, C. E., T. Schmader, et al. (2008). “The role of devaluing and discounting in performance monitoring: a neurophysiological study of minorities under threat.” Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 3(3): 253-261.

Ford, T. E., M. A. Ferguson, et al. (2004). “Coping sense of humor reduces effects of stereotype threat on women’s math performance.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 30(5): 643-653.

Fortenberry, J. D. (2004). “The effects of stigma on genital herpes care-seeking behaviours.” Herpes : the journal of the IHMF 11(1): 8-11.

Foy, S. L. (2015). “Challenges From and Beyond Symptomatology: Stereotype Threat in Young Adults With ADHD.” Journal of attention disorders.

Frantz, C. M., A. J. Cuddy, et al. (2004). “A threat in the computer: the race implicit association test as a stereotype threat experience.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 30(12): 1611-1624.

Gabarrot, F., J. M. Falomir-Pichastor, et al. (2009). “Being similar versus being equal: intergroup similarity moderates the influence of in-group norms on discrimination and prejudice.” The British journal of social psychology / the British Psychological Society 48(Pt 2): 253-273.

Galdi, S., M. Cadinu, et al. (2014). “The roots of stereotype threat: when automatic associations disrupt girls’ math performance.” Child development 85(1): 250-263.

Ganley, C. M., L. A. Mingle, et al. (2013). “An examination of stereotype threat effects on girls’ mathematics performance.” Developmental psychology 49(10): 1886-1897.

Gannon, K., L. Glover, et al. (2004). “Masculinity, infertility, stigma and media reports.” Social science & medicine 59(6): 1169-1175.

Getty, G. and P. Stern (1990). “Gay men’s perceptions and responses to AIDS.” Journal of advanced nursing 15(8): 895-905.

Giamo, L. S., M. T. Schmitt, et al. (2012). “Perceived discrimination, group identification, and life satisfaction among multiracial people: a test of the rejection-identification model.” Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology 18(4): 319-328.

Goff, P. A., C. M. Steele, et al. (2008). “The space between us: stereotype threat and distance in interracial contexts.” Journal of personality and social psychology 94(1): 91-107.

Goldman, R. (1987). “Male-only clinics: a success story in Colombia.” AVSC news 25(1): 5.

Gomez, A., J. F. Dovidio, et al. (2013). “Responses to endorsement of commonality by ingroup and outgroup members: the roles of group representation and threat.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 39(4): 419-431.

Gomez, E. and J. G. Wright (2014). “A simple strategy to reduce stereotype threat for orthopedic residents.” Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie 57(2): E19-24.

Good, J. J., J. A. Woodzicka, et al. (2010). “The effects of gender stereotypic and counter-stereotypic textbook images on science performance.” The Journal of social psychology 150(2): 132-147.

Goren, C. and E. Neter (2016). “Stereotypical thinking as a mediating factor in the association between exposure to terror and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among Israeli youth.” Anxiety, stress, and coping: 1-16.

Govorun, O., K. Fuegen, et al. (2006). “Stereotypes focus defensive projection.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 32(6): 781-793.

Graydon, M. (2011). “”Kids not rights, is their craving”: sex education, gay rights, and the threat of gay teachers.” Canadian review of sociology = Revue canadienne de sociologie 48(3): 313-339.

Griffin, B. and W. Hu (2015). “The interaction of socio-economic status and gender in widening participation in medicine.” Medical education 49(1): 103-113.

Grimm, L. R., A. B. Markman, et al. (2009). “Stereotype threat reinterpreted as a regulatory mismatch.” Journal of personality and social psychology 96(2): 288-304.

Haile-Mariam, T. and J. Smith (1999). “Domestic violence against women in the international community.” Emergency medicine clinics of North America 17(3): 617-630, vi.

Hall, L. J. and N. Donaghue (2013). “‘Nice girls don’t carry knives’: constructions of ambition in media coverage of Australia’s first female prime minister.” The British journal of social psychology / the British Psychological Society 52(4): 631-647.

Halpern, D. F. and U. Tan (2001). “Stereotypes and steroids: using a psychobiosocial model to understand cognitive sex differences.” Brain and cognition 45(3): 392-414.

Hameed, S. (2015). “Making sense of Islamic creationism in Europe.” Public understanding of science 24(4): 388-399.

Hanson, H. M., A. W. Salmoni, et al. (2009). “Broadening our understanding: approaching falls as a stigmatizing topic for older adults.” Disability and health journal 2(1): 36-44.

Hartley, B. L. and R. M. Sutton (2013). “A stereotype threat account of boys’ academic underachievement.” Child development 84(5): 1716-1733.

Havranek, E. P., R. Hanratty, et al. (2012). “The effect of values affirmation on race-discordant patient-provider communication.” Archives of internal medicine 172(21): 1662-1667.

Heberle, A. E. and A. S. Carter (2015). “Cognitive aspects of young children’s experience of economic disadvantage.” Psychological bulletin 141(4): 723-746.

Helms, J. E. (2005). “Stereotype threat might explain the Black-White test-score difference.” The American psychologist 60(3): 269-270; discussion 271-262.

Henkel, L. A. (2014). “Do older adults change their eyewitness reports when re-questioned?” The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 69(3): 356-365.

Henry, J. D., C. von Hippel, et al. (2010). “Stereotype threat contributes to social difficulties in people with schizophrenia.” The British journal of clinical psychology / the British Psychological Society 49(Pt 1): 31-41.

Heslin, K. C., T. Singzon, et al. (2012). “From personal tragedy to personal challenge: responses to stigma among sober living home residents and operators.” Sociology of health & illness 34(3): 379-395.

Hess, T. M., C. Auman, et al. (2003). “The impact of stereotype threat on age differences in memory performance.” The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 58(1): P3-11.

Hess, T. M., L. Emery, et al. (2009). “Task demands moderate stereotype threat effects on memory performance.” The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 64(4): 482-486.

Hess, T. M. and J. T. Hinson (2006). “Age-related variation in the influences of aging stereotypes on memory in adulthood.” Psychology and aging 21(3): 621-625.

Hess, T. M., J. T. Hinson, et al. (2009). “Moderators of and mechanisms underlying stereotype threat effects on older adults’ memory performance.” Experimental aging research 35(2): 153-177.

Hewstone, M., M. Rubin, et al. (2002). “Intergroup bias.” Annual review of psychology 53: 575-604.

Hirnstein, M., L. Coloma Andrews, et al. (2014). “Gender-stereotyping and cognitive sex differences in mixed- and same-sex groups.” Archives of sexual behavior 43(8): 1663-1673.

Huber, M. E., A. E. Seitchik, et al. (2015). “The effect of stereotype threat on performance of a rhythmic motor skill.” Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance 41(2): 525-541.

Hyde, A., J. Drennan, et al. (2012). “Parents’ constructions of the sexual self-presentation and sexual conduct of adolescents: discourses of gendering and protecting.” Culture, health & sexuality 14(8): 895-909.

Inelmen, E. M., G. Sergi, et al. (2014). “Enhancing awareness to mitigate the risk of HIV/AIDS in older adults.” Aging clinical and experimental research 26(6): 665-669.

Inzlicht, M. and T. Ben-Zeev (2000). “A threatening intellectual environment: why females are susceptible to experiencing problem-solving deficits in the presence of males.” Psychological science 11(5): 365-371.

Inzlicht, M. and S. K. Kang (2010). “Stereotype threat spillover: how coping with threats to social identity affects aggression, eating, decision making, and attention.” Journal of personality and social psychology 99(3): 467-481.

Jaeggi, T., P. Manickam, et al. (2012). “Stakeholders perspectives on perceived needs and priorities for leprosy control and care, Tamil Nadu, India.” Indian journal of leprosy 84(3): 177-184.

Jamieson, J. P. and S. G. Harkins (2007). “Mere effort and stereotype threat performance effects.” Journal of personality and social psychology 93(4): 544-564.

Jamieson, J. P. and S. G. Harkins (2009). “The effect of stereotype threat on the solving of quantitative GRE problems: a mere effort interpretation.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 35(10): 1301-1314.

Jamieson, J. P. and S. G. Harkins (2011). “The intervening task method: implications for measuring mediation.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 37(5): 652-661.

Joanisse, M., S. Gagnon, et al. (2013). “The impact of Stereotype Threat on the simulated driving performance of older drivers.” Accident; analysis and prevention 50: 530-538.

Joe, S., S. S. Canetto, et al. (2008). “Advancing prevention research on the role of culture in suicide prevention.” Suicide & life-threatening behavior 38(3): 354-362.

Johns, M., M. Inzlicht, et al. (2008). “Stereotype threat and executive resource depletion: examining the influence of emotion regulation.” Journal of experimental psychology. General 137(4): 691-705.

Johns, M., T. Schmader, et al. (2005). “Knowing is half the battle: teaching stereotype threat as a means of improving women’s math performance.” Psychological science 16(3): 175-179.

Jolly, S. (2000). “”Queering” development: exploring the links between same-sex sexualities, gender, and development.” Gender and development 8(1): 78-88.

Jonas, E. and I. Fritsche (2013). “Destined to die but not to wage war: how existential threat can contribute to escalation or de-escalation of violent intergroup conflict.” The American psychologist 68(7): 543-558.

Jones, P. R. (2011). “Reducing the Impact of Stereotype Threat on Women’s Math Performance: Are Two Strategies Better Than One?” Revista electronica de investigacion psicoeducativa : REIPE = Electronic journal of research in educational psychology / Universidad de Almeria, Espana, Servicio de Publicaciones y Editorial EOS 9(2): 587-616.

Jones, P. R., D. M. Taylor, et al. (2013). “Health-Related Stereotype Threat Predicts Health Services Delays Among Blacks.” Race and social problems 5(2): 121-136.

Josephs, R. A., M. L. Newman, et al. (2003). “Status, testosterone, and human intellectual performance: stereotype threat as status concern.” Psychological science 14(2): 158-163.

Kang, S. K. and A. L. Chasteen (2009). “The moderating role of age-group identification and perceived threat on stereotype threat among older adults.” International journal of aging & human development 69(3): 201-220.

Kang, S. K., A. D. Galinsky, et al. (2015). “Power affects performance when the pressure is on: evidence for low-power threat and high-power lift.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 41(5): 726-735.

Kaufert, P. A. (1982). “Anthropology and the menopause: the development of a theoretical framework.” Maturitas 4(3): 181-193.

Kay, A. C., J. T. Jost, et al. (2005). “Victim derogation and victim enhancement as alternate routes to system justification.” Psychological science 16(3): 240-246.

Keller, J. (2007). “Stereotype threat in classroom settings: the interactive effect of domain identification, task difficulty and stereotype threat on female students’ maths performance.” The British journal of educational psychology 77(Pt 2): 323-338.

Keller, J. and D. Dauenheimer (2003). “Stereotype threat in the classroom: dejection mediates the disrupting threat effect on women’s math performance.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 29(3): 371-381.

Kelly, J. F. and C. M. Westerhoff (2010). “Does it matter how we refer to individuals with substance-related conditions? A randomized study of two commonly used terms.” The International journal on drug policy 21(3): 202-207.

Kerger, S., R. Martin, et al. (2011). “How can we enhance girls’ interest in scientific topics?” The British journal of educational psychology 81(Pt 4): 606-628.

Kit, K. A., C. A. Mateer, et al. (2014). “Influence of negative stereotypes and beliefs on neuropsychological test performance in a traumatic brain injury population.” Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS 20(2): 157-167.

Kit, K. A., H. A. Tuokko, et al. (2008). “A review of the stereotype threat literature and its application in a neurological population.” Neuropsychology review 18(2): 132-148.

Klein, O., S. Pohl, et al. (2007). “The influence of intergroup comparisons on Africans’ intelligence test performance in a job selection context.” The Journal of psychology 141(5): 453-467.

Konkle-Parker, D. (2013). “Community-level HIV stigma is a public health threat.” HIV clinician / Delta Region AIDS Education & Training Center 25(2): 7-9.

Kray, L. J., L. Thompson, et al. (2001). “Battle of the sexes: gender stereotype confirmation and reactance in negotiations.” Journal of personality and social psychology 80(6): 942-958.

Krendl, A. C., N. Ambady, et al. (2015). “The dissociable effects of stereotype threat on older adults’ memory encoding and retrieval.” Journal of applied research in memory and cognition 4(2): 103-109.

Lamont, R. A., H. J. Swift, et al. (2015). “A review and meta-analysis of age-based stereotype threat: negative stereotypes, not facts, do the damage.” Psychology and aging 30(1): 180-193.

Lau, G. P., A. C. Kay, et al. (2008). “Loving those who justify inequality: the effects of system threat on attraction to women who embody benevolent sexist ideals.” Psychological science 19(1): 20-21.

Lauer, S., J. Momsen, et al. (2013). “Stereotyped: investigating gender in introductory science courses.” CBE life sciences education 12(1): 30-38.

Laurin, R. (2013). “Stereotype threat and lift effects in motor task performance: the mediating role of somatic and cognitive anxiety.” The Journal of social psychology 153(6): 687-699.

Leask, J. and S. Chapman (2002). “‘The cold hard facts’ immunisation and vaccine preventable diseases in Australia’s newsprint media 1993-1998.” Social science & medicine 54(3): 445-457.

Leitner, J. B., J. M. Jones, et al. (2013). “Succeeding in the face of stereotype threat: the adaptive role of engagement regulation.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 39(1): 17-27.

Levy, B. R., M. D. Slade, et al. (2006). “Physical recovery after acute myocardial infarction: positive age self-stereotypes as a resource.” International journal of aging & human development 62(4): 285-301.

Li, B. J., M. O. Lwin, et al. (2014). “Wii, Myself, and Size: The Influence of Proteus Effect and Stereotype Threat on Overweight Children’s Exercise Motivation and Behavior in Exergames.” Games for health journal 3(1): 40-48.

Lippa, R. A., M. L. Collaer, et al. (2010). “Sex differences in mental rotation and line angle judgments are positively associated with gender equality and economic development across 53 nations.” Archives of sexual behavior 39(4): 990-997.

Lisjak, M., A. Y. Lee, et al. (2012). “When a threat to the brand is a threat to the self: the importance of brand identification and implicit self-esteem in predicting defensiveness.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 38(9): 1120-1132.

Logel, C., G. M. Walton, et al. (2009). “Interacting with sexist men triggers social identity threat among female engineers.” Journal of personality and social psychology 96(6): 1089-1103.

Loo, C. M., B. R. Lim, et al. (2007). “Ethnic-related stressors in the war zone: case studies of Asian American Vietnam veterans.” Military medicine 172(9): 968-971.

Looby, A. and M. Earleywine (2010). “Gender moderates the impact of stereotype threat on cognitive function in cannabis users.” Addictive behaviors 35(9): 834-839.

Luo, T., J. Wang, et al. (2014). “Stigmatization of people with drug dependence in China: a community-based study in Hunan province.” Drug and alcohol dependence 134: 285-289.

Maass, A., M. Cadinu, et al. (2003). “Sexual harassment under social identity threat: the computer harassment paradigm.” Journal of personality and social psychology 85(5): 853-870.

Macinnis, C. and G. Hodson (2012). “`Where the rubber hits the road’ en route to inter-group harmony: examining contact intentions and contact behaviour under meta-stereotype threat.” The British journal of social psychology / the British Psychological Society 51(2): 363-373.

Maddox, W. T. and A. B. Markman (2010). “The Motivation-Cognition Interface in Learning and Decision-Making.” Current directions in psychological science 19(2): 106-110.

Maddux, W. W., A. D. Galinsky, et al. (2008). “When being a model minority is good . . . and bad: realistic threat explains negativity toward Asian Americans.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 34(1): 74-89.

Major, B., C. R. Kaiser, et al. (2007). “Perceived discrimination as worldview threat or worldview confirmation: implications for self-esteem.” Journal of personality and social psychology 92(6): 1068-1086.

Major, B., W. B. Mendes, et al. (2013). “Intergroup relations and health disparities: a social psychological perspective.” Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association 32(5): 514-524.

Major, B. and L. T. O’Brien (2005). “The social psychology of stigma.” Annual review of psychology 56: 393-421.

Mangels, J. A., C. Good, et al. (2012). “Emotion blocks the path to learning under stereotype threat.” Social cognitive and affective neuroscience 7(2): 230-241.

Martiny, S. E., I. H. Gleibs, et al. (2015). “Dealing with negative stereotypes in sports: the role of cognitive anxiety when multiple identities are activated in sensorimotor tasks.” Journal of sport & exercise psychology 37(4): 379-392.

Marx, D. M. and P. A. Goff (2005). “Clearing the air: the effect of experimenter race on target’s test performance and subjective experience.” The British journal of social psychology / the British Psychological Society 44(Pt 4): 645-657.

Marx, D. M., A. H. Monroe, et al. (2013). “No doubt about it: when doubtful role models undermine men’s and women’s math performance under threat.” The Journal of social psychology 153(5): 542-559.

Marx, D. M. and D. A. Stapel (2006). “Distinguishing stereotype threat from priming effects: on the role of the social self and threat-based concerns.” Journal of personality and social psychology 91(2): 243-254.

Marx, D. M., D. A. Stapel, et al. (2005). “We can do it: the interplay of construal orientation and social comparisons under threat.” Journal of personality and social psychology 88(3): 432-446.

Massey, D. S. and J. Owens (2014). “Mediators of Stereotype Threat among Black College Students.” Ethnic and racial studies 37(3): 557-575.

Massey, D. S. and L. Probasco (2010). “Divergent Streams: Race-Gender Achievement Gaps at Selective Colleges and Universities.” Du Bois review : social science research on race 7(1): 219-246.

Mazerolle, M., I. Regner, et al. (2012). “Stereotype threat strengthens automatic recall and undermines controlled processes in older adults.” Psychological science 23(7): 723-727.

McCauley, M., S. Minsky, et al. (2013). “The H1N1 pandemic: media frames, stigmatization and coping.” BMC public health 13: 1116.

McDougall, G. J., Jr., G. Simpson, et al. (2015). “Strategies for research recruitment and retention of older adults of racial and ethnic minorities.” Journal of gerontological nursing 41(5): 14-23; quiz 24-15.

McGonagle, A. K. and J. L. Barnes-Farrell (2014). “Chronic illness in the workplace: stigma, identity threat and strain.” Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress 30(4): 310-321.

McKown, C. and M. J. Strambler (2009). “Developmental antecedents and social and academic consequences of stereotype-consciousness in middle childhood.” Child development 80(6): 1643-1659.

McKown, C. and R. S. Weinstein (2003). “The development and consequences of stereotype consciousness in middle childhood.” Child development 74(2): 498-515.

Mendes, W. B. and K. Koslov (2013). “Brittle smiles: positive biases toward stigmatized and outgroup targets.” Journal of experimental psychology. General 142(3): 923-933.

Merkle, E. C. and A. Zeileis (2013). “Tests of measurement invariance without subgroups: a generalization of classical methods.” Psychometrika 78(1): 59-82.

Mertz, D., M. A. Sushinsky, et al. (1996). “Women and AIDS: the ethics of exaggerated harm.” Bioethics 10(2): 93-113.

Miller, M. C. (2005). “What is stereotype threat, and does the term have practical significance?” The Harvard mental health letter / from Harvard Medical School 21(8): 8.

Miller, S. L., J. K. Maner, et al. (2010). “Self-protective biases in group categorization: threat cues shape the psychological boundary between “us” and “them”.” Journal of personality and social psychology 99(1): 62-77.

Miller, S. L., K. Zielaskowski, et al. (2012). “The basis of shooter biases: beyond cultural stereotypes.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 38(10): 1358-1366.

Moe, A., M. Cadinu, et al. (2015). “Women drive better if not stereotyped.” Accident; analysis and prevention 85: 199-206.

Moses, T. (2011). “Stigma apprehension among adolescents discharged from brief psychiatric hospitalization.” The Journal of nervous and mental disease 199(10): 778-789.

Moskowitz, J. T., J. Wrubel, et al. (2013). “Illness appraisals and depression in the first year after HIV diagnosis.” PloS one 8(10): e78904.

Moss, K. and M. Simic (2011). “Post-communist lavender menace: lesbians in mainstream East European film.” Journal of lesbian studies 15(3): 271-283.

Murphy, M. C., C. M. Steele, et al. (2007). “Signaling threat: how situational cues affect women in math, science, and engineering settings.” Psychological science 18(10): 879-885.

Murphy, S. (2012). “Reclaiming a moral identity: stillbirth, stigma and ‘moral mothers’.” Midwifery 28(4): 476-480.

Muzzatti, B. and F. Agnoli (2007). “Gender and mathematics: attitudes and stereotype threat susceptibility in Italian children.” Developmental psychology 43(3): 747-759.

Mythen, G. (2012). “Identities in the third space? Solidity, elasticity and resilience amongst young British Pakistani Muslims.” The British journal of sociology 63(3): 393-411.

Nairn, R., J. Coverdale, et al. (2001). “From source material to news story in New Zealand print media: a prospective study of the stigmatizing processes in depicting mental illness.” The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry 35(5): 654-659.

Najdowski, C. J., B. L. Bottoms, et al. (2015). “Stereotype threat and racial differences in citizens’ experiences of police encounters.” Law and human behavior 39(5): 463-477.

Navas Luque, M., I. Cuadrado Guirado, et al. (2012). “[Reliability and validity evidence of the Out-group Threat Perception Scale (OTPS)].” Psicothema 24(3): 477-482.

Neel, R., S. L. Neufeld, et al. (2013). “Would an obese person whistle vivaldi? Targets of prejudice self-present to minimize appearance of specific threats.” Psychological science 24(5): 678-687.

Nguyen, H. H. and A. M. Ryan (2008). “Does stereotype threat affect test performance of minorities and women? A meta-analysis of experimental evidence.” The Journal of applied psychology 93(6): 1314-1334.

Nix, S., L. Perez-Felkner, et al. (2015). “Perceived mathematical ability under challenge: a longitudinal perspective on sex segregation among STEM degree fields.” Frontiers in psychology 6: 530.

Nolan, P. and F. Badger (2005). “Aspects of the relationship between doctors and depressed patients that enhance satisfaction with primary care.” Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing 12(2): 146-153.

O’Brien, L. T. and C. S. Crandall (2003). “Stereotype threat and arousal: effects on women’s math performance.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 29(6): 782-789.

Ogunmefun, C., L. Gilbert, et al. (2011). “Older female caregivers and HIV/AIDS-related secondary stigma in rural South Africa.” Journal of cross-cultural gerontology 26(1): 85-102.

Olsen, T. A. (1977). “Imposing a duty to warn on psychiatrists–a judicial threat to the psychiatric profession.” University of Colorado law review. University of Colorado 48(2): 283-310.

Osborne, J. W. (2001). “Testing Stereotype Threat: Does Anxiety Explain Race and Sex Differences in Achievement?” Contemporary educational psychology 26(3): 291-310.

Owens, J. (2014). “Racial/Ethnic Variations in the Consequences of Religious Participation for Academic Achievement at Elite Colleges and Universities.” Sociology of religion 75(1): 80-112.

Owens, J. and S. M. Lynch (2012). “Black and Hispanic Immigrants’ Resilience against Negative Ability Racial Stereotypes at Selective Colleges and Universities in the United States*.” Sociology of education 85(4): 303-325.

Owens, J. and D. S. Massey (2011). “Stereotype Threat and College Academic Performance: A Latent Variables Approach.” Social science research 40(1): 150-166.

Owuamalam, C. K. and H. Zagefka (2014). “On the psychological barriers to the workplace: when and why metastereotyping undermines employability beliefs of women and ethnic minorities.” Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology 20(4): 521-528.

Pachankis, J. E. (2007). “The psychological implications of concealing a stigma: a cognitive-affective-behavioral model.” Psychological bulletin 133(2): 328-345.

Padilla, A. M. (2008). “Social cognition, ethnic identity, and ethnic specific strategies for coping with threat due to prejudice and discrimination.” Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation 53: 7-42.

Pavawalla, S. P., R. Salazar, et al. (2013). “An exploration of diagnosis threat and group identification following concussion injury.” Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS 19(3): 305-313.

Pennington, C. R., D. Heim, et al. (2016). “Twenty Years of Stereotype Threat Research: A Review of Psychological Mediators.” PloS one 11(1): e0146487.

Pennington, C. R., A. Qureshi, et al. (2016). “The effects of stereotype threat and contextual cues on alcohol users’ inhibitory control.” Addictive behaviors 54: 12-17.

Petersen, J. and J. S. Hyde (2014). “Gender-related academic and occupational interests and goals.” Advances in child development and behavior 47: 43-76.

Picho, K., A. Rodriguez, et al. (2013). “Exploring the moderating role of context on the mathematics performance of females under stereotype threat: a meta-analysis.” The Journal of social psychology 153(3): 299-333.

Pickett, J. T., T. Chiricos, et al. (2014). “The racial foundations of whites’ support for child saving.” Social science research 44: 44-59.

Pillaud, V., D. Rigaud, et al. (2015). “The Influence of Chronic and Situational Social Status on Stereotype Susceptibility.” PloS one 10(12): e0144582.

Plant, E. A., J. Goplen, et al. (2011). “Selective responses to threat: the roles of race and gender in decisions to shoot.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 37(9): 1274-1281.

Plante, I., J. Protzko, et al. (2010). “Girls’ internalization of their female teacher’s anxiety: a “real-world” stereotype threat effect?” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107(20): E79; author reply E80.

Plasek, J. W. and J. Allard (1984). “Misconceptions of homophobia.” Journal of homosexuality 10(1-2): 23-37.

Polat, A., S. Yuksel, et al. (2005). “Family attitudes toward transgendered people in Turkey: experience from a secular Islamic country.” International journal of psychiatry in medicine 35(4): 383-393.

Popham, L. E. and T. M. Hess (2015). “Age differences in the underlying mechanisms of stereotype threat effects.” The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences 70(2): 225-234.

Porter, J. R. and A. H. Beuf (1991). “Racial variation in reaction to physical stigma: a study of degree of disturbance by vitiligo among black and white patients.” Journal of health and social behavior 32(2): 192-204.

Powers, J. T., J. E. Cook, et al. (2016). “Changing Environments by Changing Individuals: The Emergent Effects of Psychological Intervention.” Psychological science 27(2): 150-160.

Purdie-Vaughns, V., C. M. Steele, et al. (2008). “Social identity contingencies: how diversity cues signal threat or safety for African Americans in mainstream institutions.” Journal of personality and social psychology 94(4): 615-630.

Quinn, D. M., S. K. Kahng, et al. (2004). “Discreditable: stigma effects of revealing a mental illness history on test performance.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 30(7): 803-815.

Rabelo, V. C. and L. M. Cortina (2014). “Two sides of the same coin: gender harassment and heterosexist harassment in LGBQ work lives.” Law and human behavior 38(4): 378-391.

Regner, I., A. Smeding, et al. (2010). “Individual differences in working memory moderate stereotype-threat effects.” Psychological science 21(11): 1646-1648.

Reventlow, S. and H. Bang (2006). “Brittle bones: ageing or threat of disease exploring women’s cultural models of osteoporosis.” Scandinavian journal of public health 34(3): 320-326.

Reyna, C., P. J. Henry, et al. (2006). “Examining the principles in principled conservatism: the role of responsibility stereotypes as cues for deservingness in racial policy decisions.” Journal of personality and social psychology 90(1): 109-128.

Rice, K. G., F. G. Lopez, et al. (2013). “Perfectionism moderates stereotype threat effects on STEM majors’ academic performance.” Journal of counseling psychology 60(2): 287-293.

Riley, R. J., S. Burgener, et al. (2014). “Anxiety and stigma in dementia: a threat to aging in place.” The Nursing clinics of North America 49(2): 213-231.

Rintamaki, L. S., T. C. Davis, et al. (2006). “Social stigma concerns and HIV medication adherence.” AIDS patient care and STDs 20(5): 359-368.

Rosenthal, H. E. and R. J. Crisp (2006). “Reducing stereotype threat by blurring intergroup boundaries.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 32(4): 501-511.

Rydell, R. J. and K. L. Boucher (2010). “Capitalizing on multiple social identities to prevent stereotype threat: the moderating role of self-esteem.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 36(2): 239-250.

Rydell, R. J., A. R. McConnell, et al. (2009). “Multiple social identities and stereotype threat: imbalance, accessibility, and working memory.” Journal of personality and social psychology 96(5): 949-966.

Rydell, R. J., M. T. Rydell, et al. (2010). “The effect of negative performance stereotypes on learning.” Journal of personality and social psychology 99(6): 883-896.

Rydell, R. J., R. M. Shiffrin, et al. (2010). “Stereotype threat prevents perceptual learning.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107(32): 14042-14047.

Rydell, R. J., K. J. Van Loo, et al. (2014). “Stereotype threat and executive functions: which functions mediate different threat-related outcomes?” Personality & social psychology bulletin 40(3): 377-390.

Sacchi, S., E. Castano, et al. (2009). “Perceiving one’s nation: entitativity, agency and security in the international arena.” International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie 44(5): 321-332.

Sackett, P. R., C. M. Hardison, et al. (2004). “On interpreting stereotype threat as accounting for African American-White differences on cognitive tests.” The American psychologist 59(1): 7-13.

Sagar, H. A. and J. W. Schofield (1980). “Racial and behavioral cues in black and white children’s perceptions of ambiguously aggressive acts.” Journal of personality and social psychology 39(4): 590-598.

Schinske, J., M. Cardenas, et al. (2015). “Uncovering Scientist Stereotypes and Their Relationships with Student Race and Student Success in a Diverse, Community College Setting.” CBE life sciences education 14(3): 14:ar35.

Schmader, T., C. E. Forbes, et al. (2009). “A metacognitive perspective on the cognitive deficits experienced in intellectually threatening environments.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 35(5): 584-596.

Schmader, T. and M. Johns (2003). “Converging evidence that stereotype threat reduces working memory capacity.” Journal of personality and social psychology 85(3): 440-452.

Schmader, T., M. Johns, et al. (2008). “An integrated process model of stereotype threat effects on performance.” Psychological review 115(2): 336-356.

Schuster, C., S. E. Martiny, et al. (2015). “Distracted by the Unthought – Suppression and Reappraisal of Mind Wandering under Stereotype Threat.” PloS one 10(3): e0122207.

Seacat, J. D. and K. D. Mickelson (2009). “Stereotype threat and the exercise/dietary health intentions of overweight women.” Journal of health psychology 14(4): 556-567.

Seibt, B. and J. Forster (2004). “Stereotype threat and performance: how self-stereotypes influence processing by inducing regulatory foci.” Journal of personality and social psychology 87(1): 38-56.

Shapiro, J. R. and S. L. Neuberg (2007). “From stereotype threat to stereotype threats: implications of a multi-threat framework for causes, moderators, mediators, consequences, and interventions.” Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc 11(2): 107-130.

Shapiro, J. R., A. M. Williams, et al. (2013). “Are all interventions created equal? A multi-threat approach to tailoring stereotype threat interventions.” Journal of personality and social psychology 104(2): 277-288.

Sherman, D. K., K. A. Hartson, et al. (2013). “Deflecting the trajectory and changing the narrative: how self-affirmation affects academic performance and motivation under identity threat.” Journal of personality and social psychology 104(4): 591-618.

Shnabel, N., V. Purdie-Vaughns, et al. (2013). “Demystifying values-affirmation interventions: writing about social belonging is a key to buffering against identity threat.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 39(5): 663-676.

Silverman, A. M. and G. L. Cohen (2014). “Stereotypes as stumbling-blocks: how coping with stereotype threat affects life outcomes for people with physical disabilities.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 40(10): 1330-1340.

Skorich, D. P., H. Webb, et al. (2013). “Stereotype threat and hazard perception among provisional license drivers.” Accident; analysis and prevention 54: 39-45.

Spencer, S. J., C. Logel, et al. (2016). “Stereotype Threat.” Annual review of psychology 67: 415-437.

Stahl, T., C. Van Laar, et al. (2012). “The role of prevention focus under stereotype threat: Initial cognitive mobilization is followed by depletion.” Journal of personality and social psychology 102(6): 1239-1251.

Steele, C. M. (1997). “A threat in the air. How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance.” The American psychologist 52(6): 613-629.

Steele, C. M. and J. Aronson (1995). “Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.” Journal of personality and social psychology 69(5): 797-811.

Steele, C. M. and J. A. Aronson (2004). “Stereotype threat does not live by Steele and Aronson (1995) alone.” The American psychologist 59(1): 47-48; discussion 48-49.

Taber, J. M., J. L. Howell, et al. (2016). “Associations of spontaneous self-affirmation with health care experiences and health information seeking in a national survey of US adults.” Psychology & health 31(3): 292-309.

Tagler, M. J. (2012). “Choking under the pressure of a positive stereotype: gender identification and self-consciousness moderate men’s math test performance.” The Journal of social psychology 152(4): 401-416.

Tamir, Y. and A. Nadler (2007). “The role of personality in social identity: effects of field-dependence and context on reactions to threat to group distinctiveness.” Journal of personality 75(5): 927-953.

Taylor, V. J. and G. M. Walton (2011). “Stereotype threat undermines academic learning.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 37(8): 1055-1067.

Tellhed, U. and F. Bjorklund (2011). “Stereotype threat in salary negotiations is mediated by reservation salary.” Scandinavian journal of psychology 52(2): 185-195.

Thames, A. D., C. H. Hinkin, et al. (2013). “Effects of stereotype threat, perceived discrimination, and examiner race on neuropsychological performance: simple as black and white?” Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS 19(5): 583-593.

Thoman, D. B., J. L. Smith, et al. (2013). “Beyond Performance: A Motivational Experiences Model of Stereotype Threat.” Educational psychology review 25(2): 211-243.

Thomas, A. K. and S. J. Dubois (2011). “Reducing the burden of stereotype threat eliminates age differences in memory distortion.” Psychological science 22(12): 1515-1517.

van Zelst, C., M. van Nierop, et al. (2014). “Stereotype awareness, self-esteem and psychopathology in people with psychosis.” PloS one 9(2): e88586.

von Hippel, C., E. K. Kalokerinos, et al. (2013). “Stereotype threat among older employees: relationship with job attitudes and turnover intentions.” Psychology and aging 28(1): 17-27.

von Hippel, C., C. Wiryakusuma, et al. (2011). “Stereotype threat and female communication styles.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 37(10): 1312-1324.

von Hippel, W., C. von Hippel, et al. (2005). “Coping with stereotype threat: denial as an impression management strategy.” Journal of personality and social psychology 89(1): 22-35.

Weger, U. W., N. Hooper, et al. (2012). “Mindful maths: reducing the impact of stereotype threat through a mindfulness exercise.” Consciousness and cognition 21(1): 471-475.

Wheeler, S. C. and R. E. Petty (2001). “The effects of stereotype activation on behavior: a review of possible mechanisms.” Psychological bulletin 127(6): 797-826.

Williams, D. R. and S. A. Mohammed (2013). “Racism and Health I: Pathways and Scientific Evidence.” The American behavioral scientist 57(8).

Wong, J. T. and D. A. Gallo (2015). “Stereotype threat reduces false recognition when older adults are forewarned.” Memory: 1-9.

Woodcock, A., P. R. Hernandez, et al. (2012). “The consequences of chronic stereotype threat: domain disidentification and abandonment.” Journal of personality and social psychology 103(4): 635-646.

Wout, D. A., M. J. Shih, et al. (2009). “Targets as perceivers: how people determine when they will be negatively stereotyped.” Journal of personality and social psychology 96(2): 349-362.

Wyer, N. A., G. Calvini, et al. (2010). “Priming in interpersonal contexts: implications for affect and behavior.” Personality & social psychology bulletin 36(12): 1693-1705.

Yeung, N. C. and C. von Hippel (2008). “Stereotype threat increases the likelihood that female drivers in a simulator run over jaywalkers.” Accident; analysis and prevention 40(2): 667-674.

Zhang, S., T. Schmader, et al. (2013). “L’eggo My Ego: Reducing the Gender Gap in Math by Unlinking the Self from Performance.” Self and identity : the journal of the International Society for Self and Identity 12(4).